1. It would get soaked and the water would not spread out like we were wanting it to. The water has to start from the wick/center and spread to the ends of the filter circle. The filter paper should not be in contact with the cup because the ink spots will just dissolve in the water.
2. The marker/type of ink and the designs put on the filter paper circle.
3. Physical properties of the pigment makes some colors travel at different rates(faster than others). Components that are not strongly absorbed onto the paper will spend more time in the solution and will move up the paper faster. This "partitioning" of the components of a mixture between the paper and solvent separates the components and gives rise to different bands. If the components of the mixture are colored, then these bands are easy to see.
4. The blue pigment does appear commonly along the edges of the chromatograph and is always the same. Therefore, the pens do appear to contain common pigments. To achieve a single color for the pens or markers, multiple pigments are used to get the right color or shade.
5. Only water-soluble pens are used in this lab because water-soluble pens' ink is able to travel/dissolve in water. If a different type of ink/pen would have been used, then the colors would not separate. Therefore, a different substance would be needed instead of water to make the colors separate.
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